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DBMS > H2 vs. MarkLogic vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Milvus

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. MarkLogic vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Milvus

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMemgraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseAn open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4jFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Graph DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score5.92
Rank#58  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#6  Search engines
Score3.02
Rank#98  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comwww.marklogic.commemgraph.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorermilvus.io
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.marklogic.commemgraph.com/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorermilvus.io/­docs/­overview.md
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterFacebookGitHubDiscord
DeveloperThomas MuellerMarkLogic Corp.Memgraph LtdMicrosoft
Initial release20052001201720192019
Current release2.2.220, July 202311.0, December 2022cloud service with continuous releases2.3.4, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoBSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageJavaC++C and C++C++, Go
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxhostedLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Data schemeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedschema-free and schema-optionalFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesVector, Numeric and String
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infoSQL92noKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesJavaC
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersyesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infodynamic graph partitioningSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyesMulti-source replication using RAFTyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes inforelationships in graphsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACID infowith snapshot isolationnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes, with Range Indexesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsUsers, roles and permissionsAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRole based access control and fine grained access rights
More information provided by the system vendor
H2MarkLogicMemgraphMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMilvus
Specific characteristicsMemgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
» more
Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Competitive advantagesBusiness Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more
Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Typical application scenariosGraph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more
RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsYou can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more
Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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More resources
H2MarkLogicMemgraphMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMilvus
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