DBMS > H2 vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. ToroDB vs. Warp 10

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. ToroDB vs. Warp 10

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDB

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

TimeSeries DBMS specialized on timestamped geo data based on LevelDB or HBase

Primary database model

column oriented

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	2.75
Rank	#104	Overall
	#19	Document stores

Score	3.80
Rank	#81	Overall
	#43	Relational DBMS

Score	0.14
Rank	#344	Overall
	#32	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.h2database.com

www.ibm.com/products/cloudant

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

github.com/torodb/server

www.warp10.io

Technical documentation

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

cloud.ibm.com/docs/Cloudant

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

www.warp10.io/content/02_Getting_started

Developer

Thomas Mueller

IBM, Apache Software Foundation

IBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014

Microsoft

8Kdata

SenX

Initial release

2005

2010

2019

2016

2015

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

cloud service with continuous releases

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Open Source

Apache License 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Erlang

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

HTTP API
Jupyter
WebSocket

Supported programming languages

Java

C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScript

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

yes

WarpScript

Triggers

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

based on HBase

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

Source-replica replication

selectable replication factor

based on HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

based on HBase

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a document possible

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Azure Active Directory Authentication

Access rights for users and roles

Mandatory use of cryptographic tokens, containing fine-grained authorizations

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