DBMS > H2 vs. IBM Cloudant vs. LokiJS vs. PouchDB

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. IBM Cloudant vs. LokiJS vs. PouchDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDB

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

JavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	2.68
Rank	#106	Overall
	#20	Document stores

Score	0.43
Rank	#264	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Score	2.28
Rank	#115	Overall
	#21	Document stores

Website

www.h2database.com

www.ibm.com/products/cloudant

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

pouchdb.com

Technical documentation

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

cloud.ibm.com/docs/Cloudant

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

pouchdb.com/guides

Developer

Thomas Mueller

IBM, Apache Software Foundation

IBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2005

2010

2014

2012

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

7.1.1, June 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Erlang

JavaScript

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

via views

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JavaScript API

HTTP REST

only for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API

Supported programming languages

Java

C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby

JavaScript

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScript

View functions in JavaScript

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Sharding

with a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

Multi-source replication

also with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication

also with CouchDB databases

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

none

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a document possible

atomic operations within a single collection possible

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Optimistic locking

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

by using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users can be defined per database

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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Recent citations in the news

Cloudant Best (and Worst) Practices — Part 1
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1 December 2014, Linux.com

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16 August 2021, ibm.com

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26 September 2019, EnterpriseAI

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18 November 2014, iProgrammer

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10 March 2014, SitePoint

Getting Started with PouchDB Client-Side JavaScript Database — SitePoint
7 September 2016, SitePoint

3 Reasons To Think Offline First
22 March 2017, IBM

Offline-first web and mobile apps: Top frameworks and components
22 January 2019, TechBeacon

Create Offline Web Apps Using Service Workers & PouchDB — SitePoint
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