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DBMS > H2 vs. Hypertable vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Warp 10

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. Hypertable vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Warp 10

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonWarp 10  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.An open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopFully managed big data interactive analytics platformElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerTimeSeries DBMS specialized on timestamped geo data based on LevelDB or HBase
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.14
Rank#344  Overall
#32  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.warp10.io
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.warp10.io/­content/­02_Getting_started
DeveloperThomas MuellerHypertable Inc.MicrosoftMicrosoftSenX
Initial release20052009201920162015
Current release2.2.220, July 20230.9.8.11, March 2016cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availablecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache License 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++C++Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
hostedhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scansall fields are automatically indexedyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
C++ API
Thrift
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API
Jupyter
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesJavaC++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQLyes infoWarpScript
Triggersyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding infobased on HBase
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseselectable replication factor on file system levelyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yesselectable replication factor infobased on HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infobased on HBase
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationyesMandatory use of cryptographic tokens, containing fine-grained authorizations

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More resources
H2HypertableMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseWarp 10
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