DBMS > H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. IBM Db2 vs. LokiJS vs. Milvus

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. IBM Db2 vs. LokiJS vs. Milvus

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

Common in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/Linux

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Since Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDB

Document store

Vector DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
RDF store

in Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS

with Db2 Spatial Extender

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	3.49
Rank	#87	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS

Score	128.46
Rank	#8	Overall
	#5	Relational DBMS

Score	0.43
Rank	#264	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Score	2.31
Rank	#113	Overall
	#3	Vector DBMS

Website

www.h2database.com

hsqldb.org

www.ibm.com/products/db2

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

milvus.io

Technical documentation

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

www.ibm.com/docs/en/db2

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

milvus.io/docs/overview.md

Developer

Thomas Mueller

IBM

Initial release

2005

2001

1983

host version

2014

2019

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

2.7.2, June 2023

12.1, October 2016

2.3.4, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

based on BSD license

commercial

free version is available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

JavaScript

C++, Go

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux
macOS

10.14 or later
Windows

with WSL 2 enabled

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Vector, Numeric and String

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries

MongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery

JavaScript API

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

Java

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic

JavaScript

C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Java, SQL

yes

View functions in JavaScript

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

only with Windows/Unix/Linux Version

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

none

yes

with separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a single collection possible

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role based access control and fine grained access rights

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more

Competitive advantages

Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more

Typical application scenarios

RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more

Key customers

Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more

Market metrics

As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations 3k+ enterprise...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

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1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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2 June 2023, Matthias Gelbmann

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