DBMS > H2 vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Lovefield vs. Prometheus vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Lovefield vs. Prometheus vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

A high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardware

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

Open-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring system

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	1.77
Rank	#141	Overall
	#65	Relational DBMS

Score	0.29
Rank	#293	Overall
	#133	Relational DBMS

Score	8.42
Rank	#47	Overall
	#2	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

www.h2database.com

github.com/heavyai/heavydb
www.heavy.ai

google.github.io/lovefield

prometheus.io

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.heavy.ai

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

prometheus.io/docs

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Thomas Mueller

HEAVY.AI, Inc.

Google

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2005

2016

2014

2015

2019

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

5.10, January 2022

2.1.12, February 2017

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

Apache Version 2; enterprise edition available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++ and CUDA

JavaScript

Clojure

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Linux
Windows

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numeric data only

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

Java

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python

JavaScript

.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Triggers

yes

Using read-only observers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Round robin

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Multi-source replication

none

yes

by Federation

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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