DBMS > H2 vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Kyligence Enterprise vs. Lovefield vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Kyligence Enterprise vs. Lovefield vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

A high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardware

A distributed analytics engine for big data, built on top of Apache Kylin

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

RDF store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	1.77
Rank	#141	Overall
	#65	Relational DBMS

Score	0.40
Rank	#269	Overall
	#124	Relational DBMS

Score	0.29
Rank	#293	Overall
	#133	Relational DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

www.h2database.com

github.com/heavyai/heavydb
www.heavy.ai

kyligence.io/kyligence-enterprise

google.github.io/lovefield

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.heavy.ai

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Thomas Mueller

HEAVY.AI, Inc.

Kyligence, Inc.

Google

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2005

2016

2014

2004

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

5.10, January 2022

2.1.12, February 2017

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

Apache Version 2; enterprise edition available

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++ and CUDA

Java

JavaScript

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

ANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

Java

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python

JavaScript

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

Triggers

yes

Using read-only observers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Round robin

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Multi-source replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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