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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. SurrealDB vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. SurrealDB vs. Trafodion

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMSTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.56
Rank#97  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
Score1.08
Rank#176  Overall
#30  Document stores
#16  Graph DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannersurrealdb.comtrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docssurrealdb.com/­docstrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperGoogleSurrealDB LtdApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release201720222014
Current releasev1.5.0, May 20242.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageRustC++, Java
Server operating systemshostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query languageyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored Procedures
Triggersnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerSurrealDBTrafodion
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22 March 2025, infoq.com

New features make Google's Spanner a database for AI
1 August 2024, TechTarget

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23 July 2024, InfoWorld

Google Cloud adds graph and vector search features to Spanner database
2 August 2024, techzine.eu

Google Releases Spanner Graph into General Availability
19 February 2025, infoq.com

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SurrealDB is helping developers consolidate their databases
18 June 2024, TechCrunch

London-based SurrealDB secures over €18.6 million aiming to disrupt database technology
18 June 2024, EU-Startups

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The Apache Software Foundation Announces Apache® Trafodion™ as a Top-Level Project
10 January 2018, GlobeNewswire

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