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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. SAP Advantage Database Server vs. TerminusDB vs. UniData,UniVerse vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. SAP Advantage Database Server vs. TerminusDB vs. UniData,UniVerse vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADS  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparisonUniData,UniVerse  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
SAP Advantage Database Server seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Low-cost RDBMS with access to ISAM and FoxPro data structuresScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationshipsMultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilitiesVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSMultivalue DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.23
Rank#316  Overall
#27  Graph DBMS
Score2.85
Rank#98  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.sap.com/products/advantage-database-server.htmlterminusdb.comwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-unidatavirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#docs.rocketsoftware.com/­bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidatadocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperGoogleSybase, SAPDataChemist Ltd.Rocket SoftwareOpenLink Software
Initial release20171993201819851998
Current release11.0.0, January 20237.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL V3commercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageProlog, RustCC
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Windows
LinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesoptionalyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesSQL-like query language (WOQL)yesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Java API infoJPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Delphi
Perl
PHP
JavaScript
Python
.Net
Basic infoU2 Basic
C
Java
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesyesyesyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyesyesyes infoU2 Basicyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneGraph Partitioningnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication infoCONFLICT Trigger to resolve replication conflicts
Source-replica replication
Journaling StreamsSource-replica replicationChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACID infoconfigurableACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoin-memory journalingyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono infocaching of (temporary) tables can be configuredyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlAccess rights according to SQL-standard and operating system basedFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADSTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemistUniData,UniVerseVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADSTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemistUniData,UniVerseVirtuoso
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