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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. RDF4J vs. Realm vs. Teradata Aster

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. RDF4J vs. Realm vs. Teradata Aster

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparison
Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataPlatform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and types
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRDF storeDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score7.41
Rank#52  Overall
#8  Document stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerrdf4j.orgrealm.io
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentationrealm.io/­docs
DeveloperGoogleSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019Teradata
Initial release2017200420142005
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Sourcecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyes infoRDF SchemasyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Store
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoin Aster File Store
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011nonoyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryR packages
Triggersnoyesyes infoChange Listenersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.nonenoneyes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonoyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Framework
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoIn-Memory realmno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameRealmTeradata Aster
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