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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Oracle vs. StarRocks

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Oracle vs. StarRocks

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonStarRocks  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Widely used RDBMSAn open source, high-performance columnar analytical database that enables real-time, multi-dimensional, and highly concurrent data analytics infoForked from Apache Doris
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.56
Rank#97  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
Score1226.57
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#188  Overall
#86  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.oracle.com/­databasewww.starrocks.io
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasedocs.starrocks.io/­en-us/­latest/­introduction/­StarRocks_intro
DeveloperGoogleOracleThe Linux Foundation infosince Feb 2023
Initial release201719802020
Current release23c, September 20233.3, June 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++C++, Java
Server operating systemshostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
Data schemeyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infowith proprietary extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
JDBC
MySQL protocol
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleuser defined functions
Triggersnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding, horizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning (by range and hash)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno infocan be realized in PL/SQLno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'no
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole based access control and fine grained access rights

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Google Cloud SpannerOracleStarRocks
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Recent citations in the news

Google Cloud Introduces HDD Tier for Spanner Database, Cutting Cold Storage Costs by 80%
22 March 2025, infoq.com

New features make Google's Spanner a database for AI
1 August 2024, TechTarget

Google Cloud Spanner gets dual-region configuration option
23 July 2024, InfoWorld

Google Cloud adds graph and vector search features to Spanner database
2 August 2024, techzine.eu

Google Releases Spanner Graph into General Availability
19 February 2025, infoq.com

provided by Google News

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Oracle looks to open up data access in the era of AI
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9 April 2025, Oracle

Oracle and Microsoft Add Powerful, Flexible New Services to Oracle Database@Azure and Expand Regional Availability
20 March 2025, Oracle

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30 January 2025, Oracle

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StarRocks analytical DB heads to Linux Foundation
14 February 2023, VentureBeat

StarRocks brings open source OLAP database to the cloud
14 July 2022, TechTarget

Enabling Real-Time Analytics at Data Summit 2024
8 May 2024, Database Trends and Applications

StarRocks Launches the Industry's Fastest, Cloud Native, Real-time Analytics Engine
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