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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Percona Server for MongoDB vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Percona Server for MongoDB vs. VoltDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonPercona Server for MongoDB  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA drop-in replacement for MongoDB Community Edition with enterprise-grade features.Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.52
Rank#254  Overall
#39  Document stores
Score1.44
Rank#158  Overall
#73  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.percona.com/­mongodb/­software/­percona-server-for-mongodbwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.percona.com/­percona-distribution-for-mongodbdocs.voltdb.com
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftPerconaVoltDB Inc.
Initial release2017201620152010
Current release3.4.10-2.10, November 201711.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL Version 2Open Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++Java, C++
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinuxLinux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesnoyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol using JSONJava API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
Java
PHP
Actionscript
C
C#
C++
Clojure
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Smalltalk
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLJavaScriptJava
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yesSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnono infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDnoACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infovia In-Memory Engine
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yesAccess rights for users and rolesUsers and roles with access to stored procedures

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePercona Server for MongoDBVoltDB
Recent citations in the news

Google Improves Cloud Spanner: More Compute and Storage without Price Increase
14 October 2023, InfoQ.com

Google turns up the heat on AWS, claims Cloud Spanner is half the cost of DynamoDB
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VoltDB Turns to Real-Time Analytics with NewSQL Database
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