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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Milvus vs. OpenEdge vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Milvus vs. OpenEdge vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonOpenEdge  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesApplication development environment with integrated database management systemRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSVector DBMSRelational DBMSRDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score3.51
Rank#86  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsmilvus.iowww.progress.com/­openedgerdf4j.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mddocumentation.progress.com/­output/­ua/­OpenEdge_latestrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftProgress Software CorporationSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release20172016201919842004
Current release2.3.4, January 2024OpenEdge 12.2, March 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageC++C++, GoJava
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesVector, Numeric and Stringyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesnoyes infoclose to SQL 92no
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIJDBC
ODBC
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
Java
PHP
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Progress proprietary ABL (Advanced Business Language)Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLnoyesyes
Triggersnononoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningShardinghorizontal partitioning infosince Version 11.4none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yesSource-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDnoACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yesRole based access control and fine grained access rightsUsers and groupsno
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseMilvusOpenEdgeRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseMilvusOpenEdgeRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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