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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Lovefield vs. Stardog vs. Tibero

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Lovefield vs. Stardog vs. Tibero

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTibero  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA secure RDBMS, designed for easy portability from Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score1.78
Rank#140  Overall
#64  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannergoogle.github.io/­lovefieldwww.stardog.comus.tmaxsoft.com/­products/­tibero
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mddocs.stardog.comtechnet.tmaxsoft.com/­upload/­download/­online/­tibero/­pver-20150504-000002/­index.html
DeveloperGoogleGoogleStardog-UnionTmaxSoft
Initial release2017201420102003
Current release2.1.12, February 20177.3.0, May 20206, April 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentscommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaScriptJavaC and Assembler
Server operating systemshostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux
macOS
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoImport/export of XML data possibleyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Tibero CLI
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Java
Objective-C
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in JavaPersistent Stored Procedure (PSM)
TriggersnoUsing read-only observersyes infovia event handlersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenonehorizontal partitioning infoby range, hash, list or composite
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyes inforelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infousing MemoryDByesno infoplanned for next version
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard (SQL 92, SQL 99)

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerLovefieldStardogTibero
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