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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. LokiJS vs. Stardog vs. StarRocks

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. LokiJS vs. Stardog vs. StarRocks

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonStarRocks  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.In-memory JavaScript DBMSEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationAn open source, high-performance columnar analytical database that enables real-time, multi-dimensional, and highly concurrent data analytics infoForked from Apache Doris
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#260  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.93
Rank#198  Overall
#93  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSwww.stardog.comwww.starrocks.io
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docstechfort.github.io/­LokiJSdocs.stardog.comdocs.starrocks.io/­en-us/­latest/­introduction/­StarRocks_intro
DeveloperGoogleStardog-UnionThe Linux Foundation infosince Feb 2023
Initial release2017201420102020
Current release7.3.0, May 20203.3, June 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Sourcecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaScriptJavaC++, Java
Server operating systemshostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JavaScript APIGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
MySQL protocol
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoView functions in JavaScriptuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javauser defined functions
Triggersnoyesyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenonehorizontal partitioning (by range and hash)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes inforelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationno infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAccess rights for users and rolesRole based access control and fine grained access rights

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerLokiJSStardogStarRocks
DB-Engines blog posts

New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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Recent citations in the news

Google Improves Cloud Spanner: More Compute and Storage without Price Increase
14 October 2023, InfoQ.com

Google turns up the heat on AWS, claims Cloud Spanner is half the cost of DynamoDB
11 October 2023, TechCrunch

Google makes its Cloud Spanner database service faster and more cost-efficient
11 October 2023, SiliconANGLE News

Google Cloud just fired a major volley at AWS as the cloud wars heat up
12 October 2023, TechRadar

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11 September 2023, hackernoon.com

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StarRocks analytical DB heads to Linux Foundation
14 February 2023, VentureBeat

StarRocks Brings Speedy OLAP Database to the Cloud
14 July 2022, Datanami

StarRocks launches managed DBaaS for real-time analytics
14 July 2022, InfoWorld

StarRocks Launches Beta of Cloud Service for Its Analytics Engine
15 July 2022, The New Stack

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