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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Kingbase vs. Kyligence Enterprise vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Kingbase vs. Kyligence Enterprise vs. RDF4J

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonKyligence Enterprise  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.A distributed analytics engine for big data, built on top of Apache KylinRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.45
Rank#262  Overall
#123  Relational DBMS
Score0.40
Rank#269  Overall
#124  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.kingbase.com.cnkyligence.io/­kyligence-enterpriserdf4j.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperGoogleBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.Kyligence, Inc.Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release2017199920162004
Current releaseV8.0, August 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and JavaJavaJava
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011Standard with numerous extensionsANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)no
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsyes
Triggersnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerKingbaseKyligence EnterpriseRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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