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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. JanusGraph vs. Kingbase vs. Kyligence Enterprise vs. Lovefield

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. JanusGraph vs. Kingbase vs. Kyligence Enterprise vs. Lovefield

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonKyligence Enterprise  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters infoIt was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.A distributed analytics engine for big data, built on top of Apache KylinEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score1.85
Rank#134  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
Score0.44
Rank#258  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score0.44
Rank#259  Overall
#118  Relational DBMS
Score0.22
Rank#306  Overall
#138  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerjanusgraph.orgwww.kingbase.com.cnkyligence.io/­kyligence-enterprisegoogle.github.io/­lovefield
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.janusgraph.orggithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.md
DeveloperGoogleLinux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by AureliusBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.Kyligence, Inc.Google
Initial release20172017199920162014
Current release1.0.0, October 2023V8.0, August 20212.1.12, February 2017
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC and JavaJavaJavaScript
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linuxserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noStandard with numerous extensionsANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)SQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder pattern
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Clojure
Java
Python
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesuser defined functionsno
TriggersnoyesyesUsing read-only observers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyes infodepending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yesyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics enginenoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infousing MemoryDB
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Serverfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerJanusGraph infosuccessor of TitanKingbaseKyligence EnterpriseLovefield
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