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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Interbase vs. MonetDB vs. Virtuoso vs. Yaacomo

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Interbase vs. MonetDB vs. Virtuoso vs. Yaacomo

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonInterbase  Xexclude from comparisonMonetDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparisonYaacomo  Xexclude from comparison
Yaacomo seems to be discontinued and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Light-weight proven RDBMS infooriginally from BorlandA relational database management system that stores data in columnsVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphsOpenCL based in-memory RDBMS, designed for efficiently utilizing the hardware via parallel computing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score4.61
Rank#72  Overall
#39  Relational DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#145  Overall
#67  Relational DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.embarcadero.com/­products/­interbasewww.monetdb.orgvirtuoso.openlinksw.comyaacomo.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.embarcadero.com/­products/­interbasewww.monetdb.org/­Documentationdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperGoogleEmbarcaderoMonetDB BVOpenLink SoftwareQ2WEB GmbH
Initial release20171984200419982009
Current releaseInterBase 2020, December 2019Dec2023 (11.49), December 20237.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoMozilla Public License 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCCC
Server operating systemshostedAndroid
iOS
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Android
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infoexport as XML data possibleyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesyes infoSQL 2003 with some extensionsyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLXyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
native C library infoMAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Object Pascal
PHP
Ruby
C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoInterbase procedure and trigger languageyes, in SQL, C, Ryes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding via remote tablesyeshorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Interbase Change Viewsnone infoSource-replica replication available in experimental statusChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMultiversion concurreny controlyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerInterbaseMonetDBVirtuosoYaacomo
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale โ€” as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for โ€” Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including โ€” European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base โ€‹of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerInterbaseMonetDBVirtuosoYaacomo
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