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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TDSQL for MySQL vs. YDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TDSQL for MySQL vs. YDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTDSQL for MySQL  Xexclude from comparisonYDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Well established RDBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA high-performance distributed database management system with features such as automatic sharding, intelligent operation and maintenance, elastic scalability without downtime, and enterprise-grade security. It is highly compatible with MySQL.A distributed fault-tolerant database service, with high availability, scalability, immediate consistency and ACID transactions and providing an Amazon DynamoDB compatible API
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSDocument store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.85
Rank#205  Overall
#95  Relational DBMS
Score0.35
Rank#278  Overall
#43  Document stores
#127  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.tencentcloud.com/­products/­dcdbgithub.com/­ydb-platform/­ydb
ydb.tech
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.tencentcloud.com/­document/­product/­1042ydb.tech/­en/­docs
DeveloperGoogleActian CorporationMicrosoftTencentYandex
Initial release20171974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s201920132019
Current release11.2, May 2022cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0; commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC
Server operating systemshostedAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedhostedLinux
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesSQL-like query language (YQL)
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryesno
Triggersnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceAutomatic shardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Ingres Replicatoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Active-passive shard replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud DataflownoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory AuthenticationUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptAccess rights defined for Yandex Cloud users

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerIngresMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTDSQL for MySQLYDB
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