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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. IBM Db2 vs. Postgres-XL vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. IBM Db2 vs. Postgres-XL vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Common in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score128.46
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2www.postgres-xl.orgspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2www.postgres-xl.org/­documentationspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperGoogleIBMApache Software Foundation
Initial release20171983 infohost version2014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB2014
Current release12.1, October 201610 R1, October 20183.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree version is availableOpen Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++CScala
Server operating systemshostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
macOS
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesyes infodistributed, parallel query executionSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesuser defined functionsno
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux Versionhorizontal partitioningyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID infoMVCCno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2Postgres-XLSpark SQL
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