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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. IBM Db2 vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Splice Machine

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. IBM Db2 vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Splice Machine

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NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSplice Machine  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Common in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxFully managed big data interactive analytics platformOpen-Source SQL RDBMS for Operational and Analytical use cases with native Machine Learning, powered by Hadoop and Spark
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score123.05
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score0.54
Rank#244  Overall
#114  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2azure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorersplicemachine.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorersplicemachine.com/­how-it-works
DeveloperGoogleIBMMicrosoftSplice Machine
Initial release20171983 infohost version20192014
Current release12.1, October 2016cloud service with continuous releases3.1, March 2021
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL 3.0, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++Java
Server operating systemshostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
hostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
Native Spark Datasource
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes infoJava
Triggersnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux VersionSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShared Nothhing Auto-Sharding, Columnar Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud DataflownoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkYes, via Full Spark Integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerSplice Machine
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