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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. HyperSQL vs. RethinkDB vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. HyperSQL vs. RethinkDB vs. Snowflake

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score2.66
Rank#107  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score130.36
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerhsqldb.orgrethinkdb.comwww.snowflake.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlrethinkdb.com/­docsdocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.html
DeveloperGoogleThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017Snowflake Computing Inc.
Initial release2017200120092014
Current release2.7.2, June 20232.4.1, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometryyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesnoyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava, SQLuser defined functions
TriggersnoyesClient-side triggers through changefeedsno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resources
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding inforange basedyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneSource-replica replicationyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDAtomic single-document operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCC basedyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infousers and table-level permissionsUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBRethinkDBSnowflake
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Recent citations in the news

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31 May 2024, Data Center Knowledge

Google Improves Cloud Spanner: More Compute and Storage without Price Increase
14 October 2023, InfoQ.com

Google turns up the heat on AWS, claims Cloud Spanner is half the cost of DynamoDB
11 October 2023, TechCrunch

Google makes its Cloud Spanner database service faster and more cost-efficient
11 October 2023, SiliconANGLE News

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14 November 2022, TheServerSide.com

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5 October 2016, VentureBeat

RethinkDB is dead, and MongoDB isn't what killed it
24 January 2017, TechRepublic

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14 February 2018, Packt Hub

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