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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. HyperSQL vs. MonetDB vs. Realm vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. HyperSQL vs. MonetDB vs. Realm vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonMonetDB  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBA relational database management system that stores data in columnsA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#141  Overall
#64  Relational DBMS
Score7.41
Rank#52  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerhsqldb.orgwww.monetdb.orgrealm.iospark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlwww.monetdb.org/­Documentationrealm.io/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperGoogleMonetDB BVRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019Apache Software Foundation
Initial release20172001200420142014
Current release2.7.2, June 2023Dec2023 (11.49), December 20233.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoMozilla Public License 2.0Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCScala
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesyes infoSQL 2003 with some extensionsnoSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
native C library infoMAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava, SQLyes, in SQL, C, Rno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryno
Triggersnoyesyesyes infoChange Listenersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding via remote tablesnoneyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.nonenone infoSource-replica replication available in experimental statusnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoIn-Memory realmno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesno

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMonetDBRealmSpark SQL
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