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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hive vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle Rdb vs. SAP Advantage Database Server

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hive vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle Rdb vs. SAP Advantage Database Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADS  Xexclude from comparison
SAP Advantage Database Server seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerLow-cost RDBMS with access to ISAM and FoxPro data structures
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score1.08
Rank#184  Overall
#85  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerhive.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.htmlwww.sap.com/products/advantage-database-server.html
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docscwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homedocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.html
DeveloperGoogleApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookMicrosoftOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)Sybase, SAP
Initial release20172012201619841993
Current release3.1.3, April 20227.4.1.1, 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMhostedHP Open VMSLinux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
.NET Client API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
PHP
Python
C#
Java
PHP
Delphi
Perl
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceTransact SQLyes
Triggersnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.selectable replication factoryesMulti-source replication infoCONFLICT Trigger to resolve replication conflicts
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDyes, on a single nodeACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono infocaching of (temporary) tables can be configured
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and rolesyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerHiveMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseOracle RdbSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADS
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