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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. HarperDB vs. MarkLogic vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. HarperDB vs. MarkLogic vs. TypeDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHarperDB  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseTypeDB provides developers with an expressive, customizable type system to manage their data using an award-winning query language, TypeQL, while building on a high-performance, distributed architecture.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Graph DBMS infoThe type-theoretic data model of TypeDB subsumes the graph database model.
Object oriented DBMS infoThe data model of TypeDB comprises object-oriented features such as class inheritance and interfaces.
Relational DBMS infoThe type-theoretic data model of TypeDB subsumes the relational database model.
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.60
Rank#244  Overall
#38  Document stores
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Score0.70
Rank#230  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#8  Object oriented DBMS
#106  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.harperdb.iowww.progress.com/­marklogictypedb.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.harperdb.io/­docswww.progress.com/­marklogic/­documentationtypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperGoogleHarperDBMarkLogic Corp.Vaticle
Initial release2017201720012016
Current release3.1, August 202111.0, December 20222.28.3, June 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree community edition availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageNode.jsC++Java
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesdynamic schemaschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoJSON data typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like data manipulation statementsyes infoSQL92no
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (IDE)
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
All JVM based languages
C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoCustom Functions infosince release 3.1yes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptno
Triggersnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingA table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a clusterShardingno
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infothe nodes on which a table resides can be definedyesSynchronous replication via raft
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynonono infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationAtomic execution of specific operationsACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes, using LMDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes, with Range Indexesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users and rolesRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerHarperDBMarkLogicTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerHarperDBMarkLogicTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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