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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. Lovefield vs. MonetDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. Lovefield vs. MonetDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonMonetDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptA relational database management system that stores data in columns
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#105  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Score8.22
Rank#50  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score0.32
Rank#290  Overall
#132  Relational DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#148  Overall
#68  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.h2database.comgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldwww.monetdb.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdwww.monetdb.org/­Documentation
DeveloperGoogleThomas MuellerGoogleMonetDB BV
Initial release2017200520142004
Current release2.2.220, July 20232.1.12, February 2017Dec2023 (11.49), December 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMozilla Public License 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaScriptC
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternyes infoSQL 2003 with some extensions
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
native C library infoMAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaJavaScriptC
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsnoyes, in SQL, C, R
TriggersnoyesUsing read-only observersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenoneSharding via remote tables
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenonenone infoSource-replica replication available in experimental status
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infousing MemoryDB
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerH2LovefieldMonetDB
Recent citations in the news

Google Improves Cloud Spanner: More Compute and Storage without Price Increase
14 October 2023, InfoQ.com

Google makes its Cloud Spanner database service faster and more cost-efficient
11 October 2023, SiliconANGLE News

Google turns up the heat on AWS, claims Cloud Spanner is half the cost of DynamoDB
11 October 2023, TechCrunch

Google Spanner: When Do You Need to Move to It?
11 September 2023, hackernoon.com

Google Cloud Spanner competes directly with Amazon DynamoDB
12 October 2023, Techzine Europe

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14 January 2020, Towards Data Science

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19 August 2022, TDWI

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