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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graphite vs. Ingres vs. RDF4J vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graphite vs. Ingres vs. RDF4J vs. Vitess

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Data logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperWell established RDBMSRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.Scalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRDF storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score0.82
Rank#209  Overall
#97  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresrdf4j.orgvitess.io
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgraphite.readthedocs.iodocs.actian.com/­ingresrdf4j.org/­documentationvitess.io/­docs
DeveloperGoogleChris DavisActian CorporationSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.The Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release201720061974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20042013
Current release11.2, May 202215.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languagePythonCJavaGo
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Unix
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesyesyes infoRDF Schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesNumeric data onlyyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyesnoyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
Sockets
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
PHP
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyesyesyes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersnonoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonehorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslynoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneIngres ReplicatornoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyesyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infolockingyes infoMVCCyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerGraphiteIngresRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameVitess
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