DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. H2GIS vs. Ingres vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. H2GIS vs. Ingres vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

Spatial extension of H2

Well established RDBMS

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.13
Rank	#71	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	0.00
Rank	#385	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Score	3.63
Rank	#79	Overall
	#43	Relational DBMS

Website

cloud.google.com/datastore

www.h2gis.org

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

www.h2gis.org/docs/home

docs.actian.com/ingres

Developer

Google

CNRS

Actian Corporation

8Kdata

Initial release

2008

2013

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2016

Current release

12.0, July 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

LGPL 3.0

commercial

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes, details here

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (GQL)

yes

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

using Google App Engine

yes

based on H2

yes

Triggers

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using Paxos

yes

based on H2

Ingres Replicator

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

yes

based on H2

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

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