DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. H2 vs. MySQL vs. ObjectBox vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. H2 vs. MySQL vs. ObjectBox vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Widely used open source RDBMS

Extremely fast embedded database for small devices, IoT and Mobile

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Document store

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Object oriented DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.47
Rank	#76	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	1083.74
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	1.20
Rank	#170	Overall
	#5	Object oriented DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

cloud.google.com/datastore

www.h2database.com

www.mysql.com

objectbox.io

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

dev.mysql.com/doc

docs.objectbox.io

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Google

Thomas Mueller

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

ObjectBox Limited

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2008

2005

1995

2017

2019

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

8.4.0, April 2024

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

Apache License 2.0

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Android
iOS
Linux
macOS
Windows

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes, details here

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (GQL)

yes

with proprietary extensions

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Proprietary native API

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

C
C++
Dart
Go
Java
JavaScript

planned (as of Jan 2019)
Kotlin
Python

planned (as of Jan 2019)
Swift

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

using Google App Engine

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using Paxos

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

online/offline synchronization between client and server

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

News

Edge AI: The era of on-device AI
23 April 2024

In-Memory Database Use Cases
15 February 2024

Data Viewer for Objects – announcing ObjectBox Admin
14 November 2023

Vector Databases for Edge AI
9 August 2023

Vector Database Release for Flutter / Dart + Python
13 June 2023

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