DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. H2 vs. Linter vs. RDFox

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. H2 vs. Linter vs. RDFox

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

RDBMS for high security requirements

High performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine

Primary database model

Document store

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.36
Rank	#72	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	0.12
Rank	#350	Overall
	#152	Relational DBMS

Score	0.29
Rank	#300	Overall
	#24	Graph DBMS
	#13	RDF stores

Website

cloud.google.com/datastore

www.h2database.com

linter.ru

www.oxfordsemantic.tech

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.oxfordsemantic.tech

Developer

Google

Thomas Mueller

relex.ru

Oxford Semantic Technologies

Initial release

2008

2005

1990

2017

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

6.0, Septermber 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
Android
BSD
HP Open VMS
iOS
Linux
OS X
VxWorks
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

RDF schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes, details here

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (GQL)

yes

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
LINQ
ODBC
OLE DB
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java

C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Ruby
Tcl

C
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

using Google App Engine

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

proprietary syntax with the possibility to convert from PL/SQL

Triggers

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using Paxos

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Source-replica replication

replication via a shared file system

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Roles, resources, and access types

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