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DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. GraphDB vs. RDF4J vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. GraphDB vs. RDF4J vs. TypeDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
RDF storeGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score3.25
Rank#91  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score0.70
Rank#230  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#106  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­datastorewww.ontotext.comrdf4j.orgtypedb.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationrdf4j.org/­documentationtypedb.com/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperGoogleOntotextSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Vaticle
Initial release2008200020042016
Current release10.4, October 20232.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaJava
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyes infoRDF Schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes, details hereyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language (GQL)stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCnono
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
PHP
Python
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresusing Google App Enginewell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityyesno
TriggersCallbacks using the Google Apps Enginenoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenoneSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using PaxosMulti-source replicationnoneMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyes infoConstraint checkingno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.noyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud DatastoreGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more
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More resources
Google Cloud DatastoreGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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