DBMS > Google BigQuery vs. MarkLogic vs. openGemini vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Google BigQuery vs. MarkLogic vs. openGemini vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database

An open source distributed Time Series DBMS with high concurrency, high performance, and high scalability

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store

as of version 7
Search engine

Time Series DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	5.92
Rank	#58	Overall
	#10	Document stores
	#1	Native XML DBMS
	#1	RDF stores
	#6	Search engines

Score	0.01
Rank	#375	Overall
	#39	Time Series DBMS

Website

cloud.google.com/bigquery

www.marklogic.com

www.opengemini.org
github.com/openGemini

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

docs.marklogic.com

docs.opengemini.org/guide

Developer

Google

MarkLogic Corp.

Huawei and openGemini community

8Kdata

Initial release

2010

2001

2022

2016

Current release

11.0, December 2022

1.1, July 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Schema can be enforced

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Integer, Float, Boolean, String

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL92

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API

Proprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT

HTTP REST

Supported programming languages

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in JavaScript

yes

via XQuery or JavaScript

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

can act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes, with Range Indexes

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levels

Administrators and common users accounts

Access rights for users and roles

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