DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Google BigQuery vs. H2GIS vs. Realm vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Google BigQuery vs. H2GIS vs. Realm vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Spatial extension of H2

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Score	7.60
Rank	#52	Overall
	#9	Document stores

Score	0.08
Rank	#348	Overall
	#35	Graph DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

cloud.google.com/bigquery

www.h2gis.org

realm.io

tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/#tinkergraph-gremlin

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

www.h2gis.org/docs/home

realm.io/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Google

CNRS

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

Initial release

2013

2010

2013

2014

2009

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

LGPL 3.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

hosted

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

Groovy
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

user defined functions

in JavaScript

yes

based on H2

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

Triggers

yes

Change Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

yes

based on H2

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-Memory realm

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

yes

based on H2

yes

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