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DBMS > Google BigQuery vs. GraphDB vs. MySQL vs. RRDtool vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Google BigQuery vs. GraphDB vs. MySQL vs. RRDtool vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle BigQuery  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMySQL  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service with append-only tablesEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Widely used open source RDBMSIndustry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS infoKey/Value like access via memcached APITime Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score58.10
Rank#19  Overall
#13  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#91  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score1061.34
Rank#2  Overall
#2  Relational DBMS
Score1.90
Rank#132  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitecloud.google.com/­bigquerywww.ontotext.comwww.mysql.comoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtoolvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigquery/­docsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdev.mysql.com/­docoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­docdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperGoogleOntotextOracle infosince 2010, originally MySQL AB, then SunTobias OetikerOpenLink Software
Initial release20102000199519991998
Current release10.4, October 20238.4.0, April 20241.8.0, 20227.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoGPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are availableOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSSOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC and C++C infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# availableC
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
HP-UX
Linux
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesNumeric data onlyyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possibleyes
Secondary indexesnoyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyes infowith proprietary extensionsnoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
in-process shared library
Pipes
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin JavaScriptwell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityyes infoproprietary syntaxnoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonehorizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabricnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoConstraint checkingyes infonot for MyISAM storage enginenoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoSince BigQuery is designed for querying dataACIDACID infonot for MyISAM storage enginenoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engineyes infoby using the rrdcached daemonyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level infoGoogle Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.Users with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesnoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Google BigQueryGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMySQLRRDtoolVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more
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More resources
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