DBMS > Google BigQuery vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. LokiJS vs. MySQL vs. RethinkDB

System Properties Comparison Google BigQuery vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. LokiJS vs. MySQL vs. RethinkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Widely used open source RDBMS

DBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	58.10
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	2.84
Rank	#100	Overall
	#51	Relational DBMS

Score	0.49
Rank	#260	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Score	1061.34
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	2.66
Rank	#107	Overall
	#20	Document stores

Website

cloud.google.com/bigquery

cloud.google.com/spanner

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

www.mysql.com

rethinkdb.com

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

dev.mysql.com/doc

rethinkdb.com/docs

Developer

Google

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

The Linux Foundation

since July 2017

Initial release

2010

2017

2014

1995

2009

Current release

8.4.0, April 2024

2.4.1, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Implementation language

JavaScript

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, binary, float, bool, date, geometry

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

JavaScript API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

JavaScript

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

community-supported driver
C#

community-supported driver
C++

community-supported driver
Clojure

community-supported driver
Dart

community-supported driver
Erlang

community-supported driver
Go

community-supported driver
Haskell

community-supported driver
Java

official driver
JavaScript (Node.js)

official driver
Lisp

community-supported driver
Lua

community-supported driver
Objective-C

community-supported driver
Perl

community-supported driver
PHP

community-supported driver
Python

official driver
Ruby

official driver
Scala

community-supported driver

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in JavaScript

View functions in JavaScript

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

Client-side triggers through changefeeds

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

Sharding

range based

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

atomic operations within a single collection possible

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

Atomic single-document operations

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

MVCC based

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

yes

users and table-level permissions

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