DBMS > GBase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SAP Advantage Database Server vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison GBase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SAP Advantage Database Server vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name	GBase  Xexclude from comparison	Microsoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison	SAP Advantage Database Server former name: Sybase ADS  Xexclude from comparison	XTDB formerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
			SAP Advantage Database Server seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
Description	Widely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.	Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform	Low-cost RDBMS with access to ISAM and FoxPro data structures	A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database model	Relational DBMS	Relational DBMS column oriented	Relational DBMS	Document store
Secondary database models		Document store If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell Event Store this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps) Spatial DBMS Search engine support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine Time Series DBMS see docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems Trend Chart	Score 1.05 Rank #186   Overall #86   Relational DBMS	Score 3.80 Rank #81   Overall #43   Relational DBMS		Score 0.18 Rank #332   Overall #46   Document stores
Website	www.gbase.cn	azure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer	www.sap.com/products/advantage-database-server.html	github.com/­xtdb/­xtdb www.xtdb.com
Technical documentation		docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer		www.xtdb.com/­docs
Developer	General Data Technology Co., Ltd.	Microsoft	Sybase, SAP	Juxt Ltd.
Initial release	2004	2019	1993	2019
Current release	GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c	cloud service with continuous releases		1.19, September 2021
License Commercial or Open Source	commercial	commercial	commercial	Open Source MIT License
Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service	no	yes	no	no
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Implementation language	C, Java, Python			Clojure
Server operating systems	Linux	hosted	Linux Windows	All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM Linux
Data scheme	yes	Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)	yes	schema-free
Typing predefined data types such as float or date	yes	yes bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types	yes	yes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.	yes	yes	no	no
Secondary indexes	yes	all fields are automatically indexed	yes	yes
SQL Support of SQL	Standard with numerous extensions	Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset	yes	limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methods	ADO.NET C API JDBC ODBC	Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS) RESTful HTTP API	.NET Client API ADO.NET JDBC ODBC OLE DB	HTTP REST JDBC
Supported programming languages	C#	.Net Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) PowerShell Python R	Delphi Perl PHP	Clojure Java
Server-side scripts Stored procedures	user defined functions	Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R	yes	no
Triggers	yes	yes see docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy	yes	no
Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes	horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning	Sharding Implicit feature of the cloud service	none	none
Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes	yes	yes Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.	Multi-source replication CONFLICT Trigger to resolve replication conflicts Source-replica replication	yes, each node contains all data
MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods		Spark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark	no	no
Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system	Immediate Consistency	Eventual Consistency Immediate Consistency	Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys Referential integrity	yes	no	yes	no
Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data	ACID	no	ACID	ACID
Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data	yes	yes	yes	yes
Durability Support for making data persistent	yes	yes	yes	yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.		no	no caching of (temporary) tables can be configured
User concepts Access control	yes	Azure Active Directory Authentication	fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
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More resources
	GBase	Microsoft Azure Data Explorer	SAP Advantage Database Server former name: Sybase ADS	XTDB formerly named Crux
Recent citations in the news		We’re retiring Azure Time Series Insights on 7 July 2024 – transition to Azure Data Explorer | Azure updates 31 May 2024, Microsoft Update records in a Kusto Database (public preview) | Azure updates 20 February 2024, Microsoft Public Preview: Azure Data Explorer connector for Apache Flink | Azure updates 8 January 2024, Microsoft Announcing General Availability to migrate Virtual Network injected Azure Data Explorer Cluster to Private Endpoints ... 5 February 2024, Microsoft New Features for graph-match KQL Operator: Enhanced Pattern Matching and Cycle Control | Azure updates 24 January 2024, Microsoft provided by Google News	SAP Announces Q3 2023 Results: Asia Pacific and Japan View 19 October 2023, SAP News provided by Google News

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