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DBMS > Firebird vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison Firebird vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Postgres-XL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseDatabase as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBFully managed big data interactive analytics platformElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score20.50
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score2.75
Rank#104  Overall
#19  Document stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.53
Rank#254  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.firebirdsql.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.postgres-xl.org
Technical documentationwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualscloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.postgres-xl.org/­documentation
DeveloperFirebird FoundationIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014MicrosoftMicrosoft
Initial release2000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase2010201920162014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB
Current release5.0.0, January 2024cloud service with continuous releases10 R1, October 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicensecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoMozilla public license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC and C++ErlangC++C
Server operating systemsAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hostedhostedhostedLinux
macOS
Data schemeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionality
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesyes infodistributed, parallel query execution
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPSQLView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQLuser defined functions
Triggersyesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a document possiblenoACIDACID infoMVCC
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyes infoOptimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseAzure Active Directory Authenticationyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
FirebirdIBM CloudantMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePostgres-XL
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