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DBMS > Firebird vs. GraphDB vs. HarperDB vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Firebird vs. GraphDB vs. HarperDB vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonHarperDB  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document storeDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score20.50
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#91  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score0.60
Rank#244  Overall
#38  Document stores
Score2.75
Rank#104  Overall
#19  Document stores
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitewww.firebirdsql.orgwww.ontotext.comwww.harperdb.iowww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.harperdb.io/­docscloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantdocs.stardog.com
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperFirebird FoundationOntotextHarperDBIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014Stardog-Union
Initial release2000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase2000201720102010
Current release5.0.0, January 202410.4, October 20233.1, August 20217.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercial infofree community edition availablecommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC and C++JavaNode.jsErlangJava
Server operating systemsAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesdynamic schemaschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON data typesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCSQL-like data manipulation statementsnoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPSQLwell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityCustom Functions infosince release 3.1View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyesnonoyesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneA table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a clusterShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationMulti-source replicationyes infothe nodes on which a table resides can be definedMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoConstraint checkingnonoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDAtomic execution of specific operationsno infoatomic operations within a document possibleACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyesyes infoOptimistic lockingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, using LMDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.Access rights for users and rolesAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
FirebirdGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMHarperDBIBM CloudantStardog
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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