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DBMS > Firebase Realtime Database vs. Kinetica vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison Firebase Realtime Database vs. Kinetica vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Fully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsFully managed big data interactive analytics platformElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score0.66
Rank#234  Overall
#107  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websitefirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.kinetica.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasedocs.kinetica.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014KineticaMicrosoftMicrosoft
Initial release2012201220192016
Current release7.1, August 2021cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC, C++C++
Server operating systemshostedLinuxhostedhosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesJava
JavaScript
Objective-C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored procedureslimited functionality with using 'rules'user defined functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQL
TriggersCallbacks are triggered when data changesyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangeyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMno
User concepts infoAccess controlyes, based on authentication and database rulesAccess rights for users and roles on table levelAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes

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More resources
Firebase Realtime DatabaseKineticaMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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