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DBMS > Firebase Realtime Database vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Realm vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Firebase Realtime Database vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Realm vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelDocument storeDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument storeDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score2.75
Rank#104  Overall
#19  Document stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score7.41
Rank#52  Overall
#8  Document stores
Websitefirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerrealm.iogithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasecloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerrealm.io/­docs
DeveloperGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014IBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014MicrosoftRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 20198Kdata
Initial release20122010201920142016
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageErlangJava
Server operating systemshostedhostedhostedAndroid
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesJava
JavaScript
Objective-C
C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored procedureslimited functionality with using 'rules'View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary
TriggersCallbacks are triggered when data changesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infoChange Listenersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.noneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesno infoatomic operations within a document possiblenoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoOptimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlyes, based on authentication and database rulesAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseAzure Active Directory AuthenticationyesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Firebase Realtime DatabaseIBM CloudantMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRealmToroDB
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