DBMS > Firebase Realtime Database vs. H2 vs. Kyligence Enterprise vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Firebase Realtime Database vs. H2 vs. Kyligence Enterprise vs. RDF4J

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

A distributed analytics engine for big data, built on top of Apache Kylin

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

Document store

Relational DBMS

RDF store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	14.29
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	0.40
Rank	#269	Overall
	#124	Relational DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

www.h2database.com

kyligence.io/kyligence-enterprise

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

firebase.google.com/docs/database

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Google

acquired by Google 2014

Thomas Mueller

Kyligence, Inc.

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2012

2005

2016

2004

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

ANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)

APIs and other access methods

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

Java

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

limited functionality with using 'rules'

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

Triggers

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes, based on authentication and database rules

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates
12 December 2019, Paul Andlinger

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