DBMS > Firebase Realtime Database vs. H2 vs. HarperDB vs. HyperSQL

System Properties Comparison Firebase Realtime Database vs. H2 vs. HarperDB vs. HyperSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	15.00
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	8.22
Rank	#50	Overall
	#32	Relational DBMS

Score	0.55
Rank	#252	Overall
	#38	Document stores

Score	3.90
Rank	#85	Overall
	#46	Relational DBMS

Website

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

www.h2database.com

www.harperdb.io

hsqldb.org

Technical documentation

firebase.google.com/docs/database

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.harperdb.io/docs

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

Developer

Google

acquired by Google 2014

Thomas Mueller

HarperDB

Initial release

2012

2005

2017

2001

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

3.1, August 2021

2.7.2, June 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

free community edition available

Open Source

based on BSD license

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Node.js

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

dynamic schema

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON data types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like data manipulation statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

Java

.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

limited functionality with using 'rules'

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Custom Functions

since release 3.1

Java, SQL

Triggers

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a cluster

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

yes

the nodes on which a table resides can be defined

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

Atomic execution of specific operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, using LMDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes, based on authentication and database rules

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates
12 December 2019, Paul Andlinger

show all

Recent citations in the news

Realtime vs Cloud Firestore: Which Firebase Database to go?
8 March 2024, Appinventiv

Atos cybersecurity blog: Misconfigured Firebase: A real-time cyber threat
18 January 2024, Atos

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18 March 2024, The Register

Google Firebase may have exposed 125M records from misconfigurations
19 March 2024, SC Media

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7 February 2018, ZDNet

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21 August 2021, hackernoon.com

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9 January 2023, University of Colorado Denver

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24 October 2022, The Daily Swig

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