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DBMS > Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Pinecone

System Properties Comparison Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Pinecone

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPinecone  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformA managed, cloud-native vector database
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score3.16
Rank#95  Overall
#2  Vector DBMS
Websitefirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasecloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.pinecone.io
Technical documentationfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasecloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.pinecone.io/­docs/­overview
DeveloperGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014GoogleMicrosoftPinecone Systems, Inc
Initial release2012201720192019
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Server operating systemshostedhostedhostedhosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesString, Number, Boolean
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesJava
JavaScript
Objective-C
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored procedureslimited functionality with using 'rules'noYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
TriggersCallbacks are triggered when data changesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud DataflowSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesACID infoStrict serializable isolationno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlyes, based on authentication and database rulesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Azure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
Firebase Realtime DatabaseGoogle Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPinecone
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