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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Titan vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Titan vs. Trafodion

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricFully managed big data interactive analytics platformTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelSearch engineRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score128.79
Rank#8  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorergithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titantrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorergithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wikitrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperElasticMicrosoftAurelius, owned by DataStaxApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release2010201920122014
Current release8.6, January 2023cloud service with continuous releases2.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC++, Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoyes
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Clojure
Java
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RyesJava Stored Procedures
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes infovia pluggable storage backendsSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yesyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop ConnectorSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engineyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Serverfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
ElasticsearchMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTitanTrafodion
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Recent citations in the news

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2 September 2024, DevClass

Unsecured Elasticsearch cluster exposes over 3M vehicle records
18 September 2024, SC Media

The Elasticsearch cloud now subject to open-source licence
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