DB-EnginesExtremeDB for everyone with an RTOSEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. H2 vs. Sphinx vs. SurrealDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. H2 vs. Sphinx vs. SurrealDB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonSphinx  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Open source search engine for searching in data from different sources, e.g. relational databasesA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMSVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelSearch engineRelational DBMSSearch engineDocument store
Graph DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score5.98
Rank#56  Overall
#5  Search engines
Score0.86
Rank#203  Overall
#34  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.h2database.comsphinxsearch.comsurrealdb.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlsphinxsearch.com/­docssurrealdb.com/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperElasticThomas MuellerSphinx Technologies Inc.SurrealDB LtdOpenLink Software
Initial release20102005200120221998
Current release8.6, January 20232.2.220, July 20233.5.1, February 2023v1.1.1, January 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoGPL version 2, commercial licence availableOpen SourceOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++RustC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
Linux
NetBSD
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyesschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes infofull-text index on all search fieldsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyesSQL-like query language (SphinxQL)SQL-like query languageyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocolGraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaC++ infounofficial client library
Java
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby infounofficial client library
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsnoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoPartitioning is done manually, search queries against distributed index is supportedyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectornononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoThe original contents of fields are not stored in the Sphinx index.yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoyes, based on authentication and database rulesFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
ElasticsearchH2SphinxSurrealDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
ElasticsearchH2SphinxSurrealDBVirtuoso
DB-Engines blog posts

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2017
2 January 2018, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

Elasticsearch moved into the top 10 most popular database management systems
3 July 2017, Matthias Gelbmann

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

show all

The DB-Engines ranking includes now search engines
4 February 2013, Paul Andlinger

show all

Recent citations in the news

Understanding Elasticsearch Reindexing: When to Reindex, Best Practices and Alternatives
8 May 2024, hackernoon.com

Netflix Uses Elasticsearch Percolate Queries to Implement Reverse Searches Efficiently
29 April 2024, InfoQ.com

The Total Economic Impact™️ of Elasticsearch
8 May 2024, BankInfoSecurity.com

8 Powerful Alternatives to Elasticsearch
25 April 2024, Yahoo Finance

Red Hat and Elastic Fuel Retrieval Augmented Generation for GenAI Use Cases
7 May 2024, businesswire.com

provided by Google News

Switching From Sphinx to MkDocs Documentation — What Did I Gain and Lose
2 February 2024, Towards Data Science

Manticore is a Faster Alternative to Elasticsearch in C++
25 July 2022, hackernoon.com

Perplexity AI: From Its Use To Operation, Everything You Need To Know About Googles Newest Challenger
11 January 2024, Free Press Journal

The Pirate Bay was recently down for over a week due to a DDoS attack
29 October 2019, The Hacker News

How to Build 600+ Links in One Month
4 September 2020, Search Engine Journal

provided by Google News

Meet Tobie Morgan Hitchcock, CEO & Co-Founder Of SurrealDB
25 April 2024, TechRound

New Investment: Lago – Matt Turck
14 March 2024, mattturck.com

Cloud, privacy and AI: Trends defining the future of data and databases
27 September 2023, Sifted

SurrealDB raises $6M for its database-as-a-service offering
4 January 2023, TechCrunch

Introducing SurrealDB: A Quantum Leap in Database Technology
11 September 2023, TechRound

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

SingleStore logo

Database for your real-time AI and Analytics Apps.
Try it today.

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

RaimaDB logo

RaimaDB, embedded database for mission-critical applications. When performance, footprint and reliability matters.
Try RaimaDB for free.

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

Present your product here