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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Quasardb

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Quasardb

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonQuasardb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformDistributed, high-performance timeseries database
Primary database modelSearch engineRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.21
Rank#322  Overall
#29  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.h2database.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerquasar.ai
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdoc.quasar.ai/­master
DeveloperElasticThomas MuellerMicrosoftquasardb
Initial release2010200520192009
Current release8.6, January 20232.2.220, July 2023cloud service with continuous releases3.14.1, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialcommercial infoFree community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licenses
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMhostedBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infointeger and binary
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesall fields are automatically indexedyes infowith tags
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoconsistent hashing
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication with selectable replication factor
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop ConnectornoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkwith Hadoop integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby using LevelDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyesnoyes infoTransient mode
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory AuthenticationCryptographically strong user authentication and audit trail

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More resources
ElasticsearchH2Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerQuasardb
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