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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. eXtremeDB vs. GraphDB vs. Ingres vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. eXtremeDB vs. GraphDB vs. Ingres vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisoneXtremeDB  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricNatively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clusteringEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Well established RDBMSRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelSearch engineRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score0.80
Rank#214  Overall
#99  Relational DBMS
#18  Time Series DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#91  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.mcobject.comwww.ontotext.comwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresrdf4j.org
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlwww.mcobject.com/­docs/­extremedb.htmgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.actian.com/­ingresrdf4j.org/­documentation
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperElasticMcObjectOntotextActian CorporationSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release2010200120001974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s2004
Current release8.6, January 20238.2, 202110.4, October 202311.2, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic Licensecommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC and C++JavaCJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infosupport of XML interfaces availablenono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyes infowith the option: eXtremeSQLstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyesno
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyeswell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityyesyes
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyes infoby defining eventsnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning / shardingnonehorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslynone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesActive Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication infoby means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication infoby means of eXtremeDB High Availability option
Multi-source replicationIngres Replicatornone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectornononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes infoConstraint checkingyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoOptimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies availableyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno
More information provided by the system vendor
ElasticsearcheXtremeDBGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMIngresRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
Specific characteristicseXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
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Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
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Competitive advantageseXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
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GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
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Typical application scenariosIoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
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Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
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Key customersSchneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
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​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
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Market metricsWith hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
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GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsFor server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
» more
GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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