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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. StarRocks vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. StarRocks vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonStarRocks  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.An open source, high-performance columnar analytical database that enables real-time, multi-dimensional, and highly concurrent data analytics infoForked from Apache DorisA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelSearch engineRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.93
Rank#198  Overall
#93  Relational DBMS
Score1.02
Rank#190  Overall
#33  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.starrocks.iosurrealdb.com
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.starrocks.io/­en-us/­latest/­introduction/­StarRocks_introsurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperElasticGoogleThe Linux Foundation infosince Feb 2023SurrealDB Ltd
Initial release2010201720202022
Current release8.6, January 20232.5.3, March 2023v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++, JavaRust
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
MySQL protocol
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaDeno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functions
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range and hash)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectoryes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role based access control and fine grained access rightsyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
ElasticsearchGoogle Cloud SpannerStarRocksSurrealDB
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