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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Sphinx vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Sphinx vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonSphinx  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Open source search engine for searching in data from different sources, e.g. relational databasesEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelSearch engineRelational DBMSSearch engineGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score5.98
Rank#56  Overall
#5  Search engines
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchcloud.google.com/­spannersphinxsearch.comwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docssphinxsearch.com/­docsdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperElasticGoogleSphinx Technologies Inc.Stardog-Union
Initial release2010201720012010
Current release8.6, January 20233.5.1, February 20237.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial licence availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedFreeBSD
Linux
NetBSD
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes infofull-text index on all search fieldsyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query language (SphinxQL)Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Proprietary protocolGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++ infounofficial client library
Java
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby infounofficial client library
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenonoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoPartitioning is done manually, search queries against distributed index is supportednone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectoryes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoThe original contents of fields are not stored in the Sphinx index.yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
ElasticsearchGoogle Cloud SpannerSphinxStardog
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