DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Google BigQuery vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Rockset

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Google BigQuery vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Rockset

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

A scalable, reliable search and analytics service in the cloud, built on RocksDB

Primary database model

Search engine

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

Relational DBMS
Search engine

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	135.35
Rank	#7	Overall
	#1	Search engines

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	20.56
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	0.79
Rank	#211	Overall
	#35	Document stores

Website

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

cloud.google.com/bigquery

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

rockset.com

Technical documentation

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

docs.rockset.com

Developer

Elastic

Google

Microsoft

Rockset

Initial release

2010

2016

2019

Current release

8.6, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Elastic License

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

dynamic typing

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

ingestion from XML files supported

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

Read-only SQL queries, including JOINs

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

HTTP REST

Supported programming languages

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
Java
PHP

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in JavaScript

Transact SQL

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Automatic sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

ES-Hadoop Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Memcached and Redis integration

User concepts

Access control

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

yes

Access rights for users and organizations can be defined via Rockset console

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